Python strftime()

Table of Contents

 

In diesem Artikel lernen Sie, wie Sie Datums-, Zeit- und Datetime-Objekte in ihre äquivalente Zeichenkette konvertieren (mit Hilfe von Beispielen).

 

The strftime() method returns a string representing date and time using date, time  or datetime  object.

 

 

Beispiel 1: datetime to string using strftime()

 

Das folgende Programm konvertiert eine datetime Objekt, das das aktuelle Datum und die Uhrzeit enthält, in verschiedene Zeichenfolgenformate.

from datetime import datetime

now = datetime.now() # current date and time

year = now.strftime("%Y")
print("year:", year)

month = now.strftime("%m")
print("month:", month)

day = now.strftime("%d")
print("day:", day)

time = now.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
print("time:", time)

date_time = now.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S")
print("date and time:",date_time)

 

Wenn Sie das Programm ausführen, wird die Ausgabe in etwa so aussehen:

year: 2021
month: 07
day: 13
time: 04:59:31
date and time: 07/13/2021, 04:59:31

 

Hier, year, day, time und date_time sind Zeichenketten, während now ist ein datetime object.

 

 

How strftime() works?

 

Im obigen Programm, %Y, %m, %d usw. sind Formatcodes. The strftime() Die Methode nimmt einen oder mehrere Formatcodes als Argument und gibt eine darauf basierende formatierte Zeichenkette zurück.

 

  1. We imported datetime class from the datetime module. It’s because the object of datetime class can access strftime() method.
    We imported datetime class from the datetime module.

     

  2. The datetime object containing current date and time is stored in now variable.
    The datetime object containing current date and time is stored

     

  3. The strftime() method can be used to create formatted strings.
    The strftime() method can be used to create formatted strings

     

  4. The string you pass to the strftime() method may contain more than one format codes.
    The string you pass to the strftime() method

 

Beispiel 2: Creating string from a timestamp

 

from datetime import datetime

timestamp = 1528797322
date_time = datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)

print("Date time object:", date_time)

d = date_time.strftime("%m/%d/%Y, %H:%M:%S")
print("Output 2:", d)	

d = date_time.strftime("%d %b, %Y")
print("Output 3:", d)

d = date_time.strftime("%d %B, %Y")
print("Output 4:", d)

d = date_time.strftime("%I%p")
print("Output 5:", d)

 

Wenn Sie das Programm ausführen, wird die Ausgabe sein:

Date time object: 2018-06-12 09:55:22
Output 2: 06/12/2018, 09:55:22
Output 3: 12 Jun, 2018
Output 4: 12 June, 2018
Output 5: 09AM

 

 

Format Code List

 

Die folgende Tabelle zeigt alle Codes, die Sie an den strftime() method.

 

Directive Meaning Example
%a Abbreviated weekday name. Sun, Mon, …
%A Full weekday name. Sunday, Monday, …
%w Weekday as a decimal number. 0, 1, …, 6
%d Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal. 01, 02, …, 31
%-d Day of the month as a decimal number. 1, 2, …, 30
%b Abbreviated month name. Jan, Feb, …, Dec
%B Full month name. January, February, …
%m Month as a zero-padded decimal number. 01, 02, …, 12
%-m Month as a decimal number. 1, 2, …, 12
%y Year without century as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, …, 99
%-y Year without century as a decimal number. 0, 1, …, 99
%Y Year with century as a decimal number. 2013, 2019 etc.
%H Hour (24-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, …, 23
%-H Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number. 0, 1, …, 23
%I Hour (12-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number. 01, 02, …, 12
%-I Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number. 1, 2, … 12
%p Locale’s AM or PM. AM, PM
%M Minute as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, …, 59
%-M Minute as a decimal number. 0, 1, …, 59
%S Second as a zero-padded decimal number. 00, 01, …, 59
%-S Second as a decimal number. 0, 1, …, 59
%f Microsecond as a decimal number, zero-padded on the left. 000000 – 999999
%z UTC offset in the form +HHMM or -HHMM.
%Z Time zone name.
%j Day of the year as a zero-padded decimal number. 001, 002, …, 366
%-j Day of the year as a decimal number. 1, 2, …, 366
%U Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week). All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0. 00, 01, …, 53
%W Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week). All days in a new year preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0. 00, 01, …, 53
%c Locale’s appropriate date and time representation. Mon Sep 30 07:06:05 2013
%x Locale’s appropriate date representation. 09/30/13
%X Locale’s appropriate time representation. 07:06:05
%% A literal ‘%’ character. %

 

 

Beispiel 3: Locale’s appropriate date and time

 

from datetime import datetime

timestamp = 1528797322
date_time = datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)

d = date_time.strftime("%c")
print("Output 1:", d)	

d = date_time.strftime("%x")
print("Output 2:", d)

d = date_time.strftime("%X")
print("Output 3:", d)

 

Wenn Sie das Programm ausführen, wird die Ausgabe sein:

Output 1: Tue Jun 12 09:55:22 2018
Output 2: 06/12/18
Output 3: 09:55:22

 

 

Format codes %c, %x und %X werden für die entsprechende Datums- und Zeitdarstellung des Gebietsschemas verwendet.

 

 

Wir empfehlen Ihnen außerdem, Folgendes zu prüfen Python strptime(). The strptime() Methode erzeugt eine datetime Objekt aus einer Zeichenkette.